Markovian quantum master equation for the evolution of quantum mechanical density matrices (pure or mixed states). It generalizes the Schrödinger equation to open quantum systems; that is, systems in contacts with their surroundings. The resulting dynamics is no longer unitary, but still satisfies the property of being trace-preserving and completely positive for any initial condition.
γ > 0
d d t ρ = − i ℏ [ H , ρ ] + <munderover> ∑ k = 1 N 2 − 1 </munderover> γ k ( L k ρ L k † − 1 2 [ L k † L k , ρ ] + )
Lindblad equation
describes open system quantum dynamics including dissipation and/or decoherence
Gorini–Kossakowski–Sudarshan–Lindblad Equation