Notes on restriction theory in the primes
type: Item
instance of: scholarly article
title: Notes on restriction theory in the primes
author: Olivier Ramaré
published in: Israel Journal of Mathematics
publication date: 2024-08-28T00:00:00Z
review text: The starting point of this article is the estimate \N\[\N\left(\int_0^1 \left|\sum_{p\le N} u_pe(p\alpha)\right|^{\ell} d\alpha\right)^{1/\ell} \ll_{\ell} \left(\frac{N}{\log N}\sum_{p\le N} |u_p|^2\right)^{1/2} \N\]\Nvalid for \(\ell>2\) proved by \textit{J. Bourgain} [Isr. J. Math. 67, No. 3, 291--311 (1989; Zbl 0692.43005)]. The proof of this inequality was simplified by \textit{B. Green} [Ann. Math. (2) 161, No. 3, 1609--1636 (2005; Zbl 1160.11307)] and \textit{B. Green} and \textit{T. Tao} [J. Théor. Nombres Bordx. 18, No. 1, 147--182 (2006; Zbl 1135.11049)]. An interesting feature of the above result is that it is not valid for \(\ell=2\). The author proves various theorems related to the above inequality. Corollary 1.3 states that \N\[\N\int_0^1 \left|\sum_{p\le N} u_pe(p\alpha)\right|^{2+h} d\alpha\le 7000\frac{\left(1+\frac{3}{2\log N}\right)^h+1/h}{N}\left(\frac{2N}{\log N}\sum_{p\le N} |u_p|^2\right)^{1+h/2} \N\]\Nis valid for all \(N\ge 1000\) and \(h>0\). This provides an optimal transition to \(h=0\). Indeed, by setting \(h=1/\log N\), the author concludes that when \(|u_p|\ll 1\), one has the best possible estimate \N\[\N\int_0^1 \left|\sum_{p\le N} u_pe(p\alpha)\right|^{2+h} d\alpha\ll \sum_{p\le N} |u_p|^2. \N\]\NIn the same vein, the author provides a uniform Hardy-Littlewood majorant property in the sense of \textit{B. Green} and \textit{I. Z. Ruzsa} [Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 137, No. 3, 511--517 (2004; Zbl 1066.42009)], namely Theorem 1.4 which states that the inequality \N\[\N\left(\int_0^1 \left|\sum_{p\le N} u_pe(p\alpha)\right|^{\ell} d\alpha\right)^{1/\ell}\le 10^5 \left(\int_0^1 \left|\sum_{p\le N} e(p\alpha)\right|^{\ell}\right)^{\ell} \N\]\Nis valid for all \(N\ge 10^6,~\ell\ge 2\) as soon as \(\sum_{p\le N} |u_p|^2\le \sum_{p\le N} 1.\) The proofs rely on an enveloping sieve stated and proved in the paper as Theorem 4.1, and the precise constants are derived thanks to explicit estimates from the prime number theory from \textit{J. …
reviewed by: Florian Luca
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 11N35
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 11N36
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 11L07
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 11N05
Mathematics Subject Classification ID: 11P32
zbMATH DE Number: 7903065
zbMATH Keywords: primes
zbMATH Keywords: sieve methods
MaRDI profile type: MaRDI publication profile
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DOI: 10.1007/S11856-023-2586-5
description: scientific article; zbMATH DE number 7903065