The Hill model in dose–response analysis is an empirical pharmacodynamic model used to represent cooperative activation or inhibition by drugs or ligands. It describes how biological effect increases with concentration in a sigmoidal manner controlled by a cooperativity exponent. The model includes a maximal effect and a half-maximal concentration parameter, providing intuitive measures of efficacy and potency. When the cooperativity exponent equals one, the model reduces to the non-cooperative hyperbolic Emax model. The Hill dose–response model is widely used in pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic modeling to analyze concentration–effect relationships.
Hill model (dose-response)
sigmoidal model describing cooperative dose–response behavior