On a sequence of integers arising from simultaneous Pell equations (Q1032761)

In the study of the solvability of the system of simultaneous Pell equations \[ x^2-dy^2=1,\;\; z^2-2dy^2=1, \] where \(d\) is a squarefree positive integer, \textit{K. Ono} proved that if the system is solvable then apart a short list of values, \(d\) must have at least five distinct odd prime factors [Acta Arith. 78, No. 2, 101--123 (1996; Zbl 0863.11038)]. In [Acta Arith. 82, No. 1, 69--76 (1997; Zbl 0881.11035)], \textit{P. G. Walsh} showed that for a given positive integer \(d\), the system has at most one solution in positive integers \(x, y, z\). Later, Dong-Shiu-Chiu-Cao proved that the solvability of the above system implies that \(d\) must have at least seven distinct prime factors. See [\textit{X. Dong} et al, Acta Arith. 126, No. 2, 115--123 (2007; Zbl 1112.11014)]. In this paper, the authors improve the result obtained by Dong-Shiu-Chiu-Cao by proving that if \(d\) is a squarefree positive integer and the above system is solvable in positive integers \(x, y, z\), then except for \[ d\in \{6, 210, 1785, 60639, 184030, 915530, 14066106\}, \] \(d\) has at least eight prime factors. The proof is based on the complete resolution of the Diophantine equations \[ x^2-2y^4=-1\; \text{and}\; x^4-2y^2=-1 \] by Ljunggren. Moreover, the authors conjecture that if \(K\) is any fixed constant, then there are only finitely many quadruples of integers \((x, y, z, d)\) with \[ x^2-dy^2=1,\;\; z^2-2dy^2=1 \] and furthermore \(d\) squarefree with \(\omega(d)<K\), where \(\omega(d)\) is the number of distinct factors of \(d\).