Invariant subspaces of composition operators on a Hilbert space of Dirichlet series (Q2516296)

The paper studies invariant subspaces of composition operators acting on the Hilbert space \(\mathcal{H}\) of Dirichlet series with square summable coefficients. The space \(\mathcal{H}\) consists of holomorphic functions of the form \[ f(s) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}a_nn^{-s} \] for which \(\|f\|^2 = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}|a_n|^2<\infty\). It is easy to see that such function is holomorphic on the half-plane \(\mathbb{C}_{1/2}\). \textit{J. Gordon} and \textit{H. Hedenmalm} [Mich. Math. J. 46, No. 2, 313--329 (1999; Zbl 0963.47021)] showed that a holomorphic mapping \(\Phi:\mathbb{C}_{1/2}\to \mathbb{C}_{1/2}\) gives rise to a bounded composition operator \(C_{\Phi}:\mathcal{H}\to\mathcal{H}\) if and only if \(\Phi(s) = c_0s+\varphi(s)\), where \(c_0\) is a non-negative integer and \(\varphi\) is a Dirichlet series satisfying certain conditions. Using the above characterization, the current authors prove various results regarding invariant subspaces of \(C_{\Phi}\). Among other things, they show that \(C_{\Phi}\) is reductive, that is, any invariant subspace is also reducing, if and only if \(\Phi\) is a translation \(\Phi(s)=s+c_1\) with \(c_1\) having non-negative real part. A characterization of \(2\)-dimensional invariant subspaces spanned by \(\{1,f\}\) is obtained. They also show that if \(\Phi(s)=c_0s+\varphi(s)\) with \(c_0>1\), then \(C_{\Phi}\) has no non-trivial finite-dimensional invariant subspaces besides the constants. If \(\Phi(s)=s+\mathrm{i}\tau\) such that \(\tau\) is a real number and \(\tau\log(q)/(2\pi)\) is irrational for all positive rational numbers \(q\neq 1\), then it is shown that the strongly closed unital subalgebra generated by \(C_{\Phi}\) is reflexive. As an application, the authors provide a criterion for certain composition operators not to be algebraic.