Spectral minimal partitions of unbounded metric graphs

DOI10.4171/JST/462MaRDI QIDQ6062694zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Matthias Hofmann, James Bernard Kennedy, Andrea Serio

Publication date 6 November 2023

Published in Journal of Spectral Theory (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.03658

zbMATH Keywords

Laplacianlocally finite graphmetric graphquantum graphSchrödinger operatorspectral geometryspectral minimal partition

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Distance in graphs (05C12) Boundary value problems on graphs and networks for ordinary differential equations (34B45) Semilinear elliptic equations with Laplacian, bi-Laplacian or poly-Laplacian (35J91) Estimates of eigenvalues in context of PDEs (35P15) PDEs on graphs and networks (ramified or polygonal spaces) (35R02) Optimization of shapes other than minimal surfaces (49Q10) Spectral problems; spectral geometry; scattering theory on manifolds (58J50) Electro- and magnetostatics (78A30) Quantum mechanics on special spaces: manifolds, fractals, graphs, lattices (81Q35)

Abstract: We investigate the existence or non-existence of spectral minimal partitions of unbounded metric graphs, where the operator applied to each of the partition elements is a Schr"odinger operator of the form $-Delta+V$ with suitable (electric) potential $V$, which is taken as a fixed, underlying ``landscape on the whole graph. We show that there is a strong link between spectral minimal partitions and infimal partition energies on the one hand, and the infimum $Sigma$ of the essential spectrum of the corresponding Schr"odinger operator on the whole graph on the other. Namely, we show that for any $kinmathbbN$, the infimal energy among all admissible $k$-partitions is bounded from above by $Sigma$, and if it is strictly below $Sigma$, then a spectral minimal $k$-partition exists. We illustrate our results with several examples of existence and non-existence of minimal partitions of unbounded and infinite graphs, with and without potentials. The nature of the proofs, a key ingredient of which is a version of Persson's theorem for quantum graphs, strongly suggests that corresponding results should hold for Schr"odinger operator-based partitions of unbounded domains in Euclidean space.

Review text

Summary: We investigate the existence or non-existence of spectral minimal partitions of unbounded metric graphs, where the operator applied to each of the partition elements is a Schrödinger operator of the form \(-\Delta +V\) with suitable (electric) potential \(V\), which is taken as a fixed, underlying function on the whole graph. We show that there is a strong link between spectral minimal partitions and infimal partition energies on the one hand, and the infimum \(\Sigma\) of the essential spectrum of the corresponding Schrödinger operator on the whole graph on the other. Namely, we show that for any \(k\in\mathbb{N}\), the infimal energy among all admissible \(k\)-partitions is bounded from above by \(\Sigma\), and if it is strictly below \(\Sigma\), then a spectral minimal \(k\)-partition exists. We illustrate our results with several examples of existence and non-existence of minimal partitions of unbounded and infinite graphs, with and without potentials. The nature of the proofs, a key ingredient of which is a version of the characterization of the infimum of the essential spectrum known as Persson's theorem for quantum graphs, strongly suggests that corresponding results should hold for Schrödinger operator-based partitions of unbounded domains in Euclidean space.

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Cited in

(3)

• A theory of spectral partitions of metric graphs
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