Spreading and Structural Balance on Signed Networks

DOI10.1137/22M1542325MaRDI QIDQ6184970zbMATH OpenFDO

Authors Yu Tian, Renaud Lambiotte

Publication date 29 January 2024

Published in SIAM Journal on Applied Dynamical Systems (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.10158

zbMATH Keywords

linear and nonlinear dynamicsrandom walkssigned networksstructural balance and antibalanceweighted adjacency matrix

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Signed and weighted graphs (05C22) Graphs and linear algebra (matrices, eigenvalues, etc.) (05C50) Small world graphs, complex networks (graph-theoretic aspects) (05C82) Dynamical systems involving maps of trees and graphs (37E25) Deterministic network models in operations research (90B10) Social networks; opinion dynamics (91D30)

Abstract: Two competing types of interactions often play an important part in shaping system behavior, such as activatory or inhibitory functions in biological systems. Hence, signed networks, where each connection can be either positive or negative, have become popular models over recent years. However, the primary focus of the literature is on the unweighted and structurally balanced ones, where all cycles have an even number of negative edges. Hence here, we first introduce a classification of signed networks into balanced, antibalanced or strictly balanced ones, and then characterize each type of signed networks in terms of the spectral properties of the signed weighted adjacency matrix. In particular, we show that the spectral radius of the matrix with signs is smaller than that without if and only if the signed network is strictly unbalanced. These properties are important to understand the dynamics on signed networks, both linear and nonlinear ones. Specifically, we find consistent patterns in a linear and a nonlinear dynamics theoretically, depending on their type of balance. We also propose two measures to further characterize strictly unbalanced networks, motivated by perturbation theory. Finally, we numerically verify these properties through experiments on both synthetic and real networks.

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Cited in

(5)

• Impact of structural balance on self-avoiding pruning walk
• Structural Balance and Random Walks on Complex Networks with Complex Weights
• Global balance and systemic risk in financial correlation networks
• Edge sign and strength based model for influence diffusion in signed social networks
• Balance with memory in signed networks via Mittag-Leffler matrix functions

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