Spreading with immunization in high dimensions

DOI10.1088/1742-5468/2004/07/P07011MaRDI QIDQ3160066zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Stephan M. Dammer, Haye Hinrichsen

Publication date 1 February 2005

Published in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/0405577

zbMATH Keywords

phase diagramsphase transitions into absorbing states

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Interacting random processes; statistical mechanics type models; percolation theory (60K35) Epidemiology (92D30)

Abstract: We investigate a model of epidemic spreading with partial immunization which is controlled by two probabilities, namely, for first infections, $p_0$, and reinfections, $p$. When the two probabilities are equal, the model reduces to directed percolation, while for perfect immunization one obtains the general epidemic process belonging to the universality class of dynamical percolation. We focus on the critical behavior in the vicinity of the directed percolation point, especially in high dimensions $d>2$. It is argued that the clusters of immune sites are compact for $dleq4$. This observation implies that a recently introduced scaling argument, suggesting a stretched exponential decay of the survival probability for $p=p_c$, $p_{0}ll{p}_c$ in one spatial dimension, where $p_c$ denotes the critical threshold for directed percolation, should apply in any dimension $dleq3$ and maybe for $d=4$ as well. Moreover, we show that the phase transition line, connecting the critical points of directed percolation and of dynamical percolation, terminates in the critical point of directed percolation with vanishing slope for $d<4$ and with finite slope for $dgeq4$. Furthermore, an exponent is identified for the temporal correlation length for the case of $p=p_c$ and $p_0=p_c-epsilon$, $epsilonll1$, which is different from the exponent $u_{p}arallel$ of directed percolation. We also improve numerical estimates of several critical parameters and exponents, especially for dynamical percolation in $d=4,5$.

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Cited in

(9)

• On the monotonicity of the critical time in the constrained-degree percolation model
• Percolation on complex networks: theory and application
• Dynamics and biological thresholds
• Conformal invariance and critical dynamics
• A spatially stochastic epidemic model with partial immunization shows in mean field approximation the reinfection threshold
• An upper bound for the bond percolation threshold of the cubic lattice by a growth process approach
• Long-range epidemic spreading with immunization
• Local persistence in the directed percolation universality class
• Extended-range site and bond percolation in five dimensions

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