Surjectivity of power maps of real algebraic groups

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Abstract: In this paper we study abstract group homomorphisms between the groups of rational points of linear algebraic groups which are not necessarily reductive. One of our main goal is to obtain results on homomorphisms from the groups of rational points of linear algebraic groups defined over certain specific fields to the groups of rational points of linear algebraic groups over number fields and non-archimedean local fields of characteristic zero; in this set-up we deal with the unexplored topic of abstract homomorphisms from the groups of rational points of anisotropic groups over non-archimedean local fields of characteristic zero. We also obtain results on abstract homomorphisms from unipotent and solvable groups, and prove general results on the structures of abstract homomorphisms using the celebrated result of Borel and Tits in this area and a well-known theorem due to Tits on the structure of the groups of rational points of isotropic semisimple groups.


This paper studies the surjectivity of power maps \(P_n:g\mapsto g^n\) for real points of algebraic groups defined over the reals. There are numerous results. For instance, let \(G\) be a complex algebraic group defined over the reals and let \(H\) be an \(\mathbb R\)-algebraic subgroup of maximal rank. Let \(n\) be an odd integer so that \(P_n\) is surjective on \(G\). Then \(P_n\) is surjective on the connected component (in the real topology) of \(H(\mathbb R)\) that contains the identity. And if \(H\) is Zariski connected then \(P_n\) is surjective on \(H(\mathbb R)\) itself too. The results on \(P_n\) are also used to study whether the exponential map for the real Lie group \(H(\mathbb R)\) is surjective.



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