The Cayley graph of Neumann subgroups

DOI10.1007/S00025-021-01390-WMaRDI QIDQ2038643zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors Artur Siemaszko, Andrzej Matraś

Publication date 7 July 2021

Published in Results in Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.09000

zbMATH Keywords

Cayley graphsfree product of groupsNeumann subgroupsprojective lines over ringssubgroups of the modular group

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) (05C25) Free products of groups, free products with amalgamation, Higman-Neumann-Neumann extensions, and generalizations (20E06) Generators, relations, and presentations of groups (20F05)

Abstract: All Cayley representations of the distant graph $Gamm{a}_Z$ over integers are characterized as Neumann subgroups of the extended modular group. Possible structures of Neumann subgroups are revealed and it is shown that every such a structure can be realized.

Review text

The distant graph \(\Gamma_{R}\) over a ring with identity \(R\), is a combinatoric object representing the projective line \(\mathbb{P}(R)\) over \(R\). In the case \(R=\mathbb{Z}\), the vertices as the elements of \(\mathbb{P}(\mathbb{Z}) \cong \mathbb{Q} \cup \{\infty\}=\overline{\mathbb{Q}}\) are all cyclic submodules of the \(\mathbb{Z}\)-module \(\mathbb{Z}^{2}\) generated by the vectors with co-prime coordinates. The edges of \(\Gamma_{\mathbb{Z}}\) connect vertices whose generators are the rows of an invertible \((2\times 2)\)-matrix over \(\mathbb{Z}\). The authors showed in [Result. Math. 73, No. 4, Paper No. 141, 14 p. (2018; Zbl 1398.05104)] that the distant graph \(\Gamma_{\mathbb{Z}}\) is a Cayley graph and they built in [Result. Math. 74, No. 2, Paper No. 82, 9 p. (2019; Zbl 1414.05103)] uncountably many of its Cayley representations. The paper under review constitutes another step in the authors' project to find all Cayley representations of \(\Gamma_{\mathbb{Z}}\) in \(\mathrm{PGL}(2, \mathbb{Z})\) and to describe Cayley's groups of \(\mathbb{P}(\mathbb{Z})\).

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Cited in

(3)

• The Cayley property of some distant graphs and relationship with the Stern-Brocot tree
• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4134314 (Why is no real title available?)
• Constructing Cayley graphs via tesselations of Riemann surfaces

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