The Query Complexity of Mastermind with \ell_p Distances

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The Query Complexity of Mastermind with $\ell p$ Distances



Abstract: Consider a variant of the Mastermind game in which queries are ellp distances, rather than the usual Hamming distance. That is, a codemaker chooses a hidden vector mathbfyin−k,−k+1,dots,k−1,kn and answers to queries of the form Vertmathbfy−mathbfxVertp where mathbfxin−k,−k+1,dots,k−1,kn. The goal is to minimize the number of queries made in order to correctly guess mathbfy. Motivated by this question, in this work, we develop a nonadaptive polynomial time algorithm that works for a natural class of separable distance measures, i.e. coordinate-wise sums of functions of the absolute value. This in particular includes distances such as the smooth max (LogSumExp) as well as many widely-studied M-estimator losses, such as ellp norms, the ell1-ell2 loss, the Huber loss, and the Fair estimator loss. When we apply this result to ellp queries, we obtain an upper bound of Oleft(minleftn,fracnlogklognightight) queries for any real 1leqp<infty. We also show matching lower bounds up to constant factors for the ellp problem, even for adaptive algorithms for the approximation version of the problem, in which the problem is to output mathbfy′ such that Vertmathbfy′−mathbfyVertpleqR for any Rleqk1−varepsilonn1/p for constant varepsilon>0. Thus, essentially any approximation of this problem is as hard as finding the hidden vector exactly, up to constant factors. Finally, we show that for the noisy version of the problem, i.e. the setting when the codemaker answers queries with any q=(1pmvarepsilon)Vertmathbfy−mathbfxVertp, there is no query efficient algorithm.












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