The characteristic polynomial of sums of random permutations and regular digraphs

Authors Simon Coste, Gaultier Lambert, Yizhe Zhu

Publication date 1 April 2022

Abstract: Let

A_{n}

be the sum of

d

permutations matrices of size

n i m e s n

, each drawn uniformly at random and independently. We prove that the normalized characteristic polynomial

f r a c 1 s q r t d d e t (I_{n} - z A_{n} / s q r t d)

converges when

n o i n f t y

towards a random analytic function on the unit disk. As an application, we obtain an elementary proof of the spectral gap of random regular digraphs. Our results are valid both in the regime where

d

is fixed and for

d

slowly growing with

n

.

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