The mean square of the divisor function

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Abstract: Let d(n) be the divisor function. In 1916, S. Ramanujan stated but without proof that sum_{nleq x}d^2(n)=xP(log x)+E(x), where P(y) is a cubic polynomial in y and E(x)=O(x^{{3over 5}+epsilon}), where epsilon is a sufficiently small positive constant. He also stated that, assuming the Riemann Hypothesis(RH), E(x)=O(x^{{1over 2}+epsilon}). In 1922, B. M. Wilson proved the above result unconditionally. The direct application of the RH would produce E(x)=O(x^{1over 2}(log x)^5loglog x). In 2003, K. Ramachandra and A. Sankaranarayanan proved the above result without any assumption. In this paper, we shall prove E(x)=O(x^{1over 2}(log x)^5).












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