The phase space elementary cell in classical and generalized statistics

DOI10.3390/E15104319MaRDI QIDQ280646zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Piero Quarati, Marcello Lissia

Publication date 10 May 2016

Published in Entropy (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1501.04463

zbMATH Keywords

classical statistical mechanicsthermodynamics

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Classical equilibrium statistical mechanics (general) (82B05) Continuum models (systems of particles, etc.) arising in equilibrium statistical mechanics (82B21)

Abstract: In the past, the phase-space elementary cell of a non-quantized system was set equal to the third power of the Planck constant; in fact, it is not a necessary assumption. We discuss how the phase space volume, the number of states and the elementary-cell volume of a system of non-interacting N particles, changes when an interaction is switched on and the system becomes or evolves to a system of correlated non-Boltzmann particles and derives the appropriate expressions. Even if we assume that nowadays the volume of the elementary cell is equal to the cube of the Planck constant, h^3, at least for quantum systems, we show that there is a correspondence between different values of h in the past, with important and, in principle, measurable cosmological and astrophysical consequences, and systems with an effective smaller (or even larger) phase-space volume described by non-extensive generalized statistics.

Review text

The authors call the attention to the fact, that the phase-space element of the elementary cell (in classical, non-quantized) statistical mechanics has been chosen to the third power of the Planck constant. As they declare, this is not a necessary assumption. The paper is on the discussion how the phase-space volume and the number of states in the elementary cell change in the case of non-interacting \(N\)-particle system and an interaction is switched on so that the system becomes to a system of correlated non-Boltzmann particles, and they derive the appropriate expressions. lf it is assumed nowadays, that the volume of the elementary cell is equal to the cube of the Planck constant, (at least for quantum systems), there is a correspondence between the different values of \(h^3\) in the past. It is shown that this leads to important, and in principle measurable consequences in cosmology and astrophysics, in the case of an effectively smaller (or even largest) phase-space volume.NEWLINENEWLINEThis leads to the conclusion that the elementary cell measure is not a universal constant, it can have a measure which is slightly smaller than \(h^3\) in spite of the uncertainty principle. If it is assumed that the volume of the elementary cell could have been smaller in the past because \(h\) was smaller, one could correlate the evolution of \(h\) to the change of the effective volume of the elementary cell, due to stronger spatial and temporal correlations or to fractal measure of space when densities and interactions were stronger.

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Cites work

• scientific article; zbMATH DE number 3937093 (Why is no real title available?)
• Introduction to Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics
• Possible generalization of Boltzmann-Gibbs statistics.
• The fundamental constants and their variation: observational and theoretical status
• The Sobolev inequality and the Tsallis entropic uncertainty relation
• Theoretical foundations and mathematical formalism of the power-law tailed statistical distributions

Cited in

(7)

• Cell gas model of classical statistical systems
• Ricci curvature, isoperimetry and a non-additive entropy
• Entropies from coarse-graining: convex polytopes vs. ellipsoids
• Phase space cell in nonextensive classical systems
• Phase space cell in nonextensive classical systems
• Counting phase space cells in statistical mechanics
• Quantum and relativistic corrections to Maxwell-Boltzmann ideal gas model from a quantum phase space approach

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