The popularity gap

DOI10.1007/S10801-023-01268-WMaRDI QIDQ6185344zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Vsevolod F. Lev, Ilya D. Shkredov

Publication date 8 January 2024

Published in Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.09614

zbMATH Keywords

difference setshigher energiespopularity gaprepresentations

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Combinatorial aspects of difference sets (number-theoretic, group-theoretic, etc.) (05B10) Arithmetic combinatorics; higher degree uniformity (11B30)

Abstract: Suppose that $A$ is a finite, nonempty subset of a cyclic group of either infinite or prime order. We show that if the difference set $A-A$ is ``not too large, then there is a nonzero group element with at least as many as $(2+o(1))|A{|}^2/|A-A|$ representations as a difference of two elements of $A$; that is, the second largest number of representations is, essentially, twice the average. Here the coefficient $2$ is the best possible. We also prove continuous and multidimensional versions of this result, and obtain similar results for sufficiently dense subsets of an arbitrary abelian group.

Recommendations

• On the number of popular differences
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Cites work

• A complete annotated bibliography of work related to Sidon sequences
• Higher moments of convolutions
• Linear equations over \(\mathbb F_ p\) and moments of exponential sums.
• On additive shifts of multiplicative subgroups

Cited in

(2)

• Uncertainty for convolutions of sets
• On the exceptional set in Littlewood's discrete conjecture

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