The singular locus of an almost distance function

DOI10.3836/TJM/1502179298MaRDI QIDQ784829zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors D. Kharzeev

Publication date 3 August 2020

Published in Tokyo Journal of Mathematics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04121, https://projecteuclid.org/euclid.tjm/1566612098

zbMATH Keywords

1-Lipschitz functionalmost distance functionBusemann functioncut locusFinsler surfacesingular locus

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Geodesics in global differential geometry (53C22) Global differential geometry of Finsler spaces and generalizations (areal metrics) (53C60)

Abstract: The aim of this article is to generalize the notion of the cut locus and to get the structure theorem for it. For this purpose, we first introduce a class of 1-Lipschitz functions, each member of which is called an {it almost distance function}. Typical examples of an almost distance function are the distance function from a point and the Busemann function on a complete Riemannian manifold. The generalized notion of the cut locus in this paper is called the {it singular locus} of an almost distance function. The singular locus consists of the upper one and the lower one. The upper singular locus coincides with the cut locus of a point for the distance function from the point, and the lower singular locus coincides with the set of all copoints of a ray when the almost distance function is the Busman function of the ray. Therefore, it is possible to treat the cut locus of a closed subset and the set of copoints of a ray in a unified way by introducing the singular locus for the almost distance function. In this article, we obtain the structure theorem (Theorem B) for the singular locus of an almost distance function on a 2-dimensional Finsler manifold that contains both structure theorems ([S], Theorem B) and [Sa,Theorem 2.13]) for the cut locus and the set of copoints of a ray as a corollary.

Review text

The main goal of the paper is to generalize the notion of the cut locus. For this purpose, the author first introduces an~almost distance function on a~Finsler manifold. Such a class contains, among others, Busemann functions and the distance functions. Then it is shown that some properties of the distance functions such as \begin{itemize} \item differentiability of the function under some additional assumptions; \item the measure of the set of critical values of the function; \item geometrical properties of the singular locus \end{itemize} can be also obtained for this wider subclass of functions. Moreover, it is shown that the class of almost distance functions is very rich because the singular locus of an almost distance function can have a~very complicated structure, which never happens for the distance function from a point in a~Riemannian manifold.

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Cited in

(6)

• The co-points of rays are cut points of upper level sets for Busemann functions
• The cut locus and distance function from a closed subset of a Finsler manifold
• Laplacian of the distance function on the cut locus on a Riemannian manifold
• The Lipschitz continuity of the distance function to the cut locus
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