Topological recursion relations from Pixton's formula

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Abstract: For any genus g leq 26, and for n leq 3 in all genus, we prove that every degree-g polynomial in the psi-classes on Mbar_{g,n} can be expressed as a sum of tautological classes supported on the boundary with no kappa-classes. Such equations, which we refer to as topological recursion relations, can be used to deduce universal equations for the Gromov-Witten invariants of any target.


Using Pixton's double ramification cycle relations [\textit{E. Clader} and \textit{F. Janda}, Geom. Topol. 22, No. 2, 1069--1108 (2018; Zbl 1387.14079)], this paper proves that every degree-\(g\) polynomial in the \(\psi\)-classes on the moduli space of curves \(\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g,n}\) can be expressed as a sum of tautological classes supported on the boundary with no \(\kappa\)-classes. This theorem can also be obtained from results in [\textit{R. Kramer} et al., Algebr. Geom. 5, No. 6, 703--727 (2018; Zbl 1520.14058)] using Pixton's \(r\)-spin relations instead. As a corollary, the authors prove a conjecture of [\textit{C. Faber} and \textit{R. Pandharipande} [J. Eur. Math. Soc. (JEMS) 7, No. 1, 13--49 (2005; Zbl 1084.14054), Conjecture 3] which asserts that all genus-\(g\) descendent Gromov-Witten invariants of a nonsingular projective variety \(X\) can be reconstructed from the invariants \[ \langle \tau_{k_1}(\phi_1) \dots \tau_{k_n}(\phi_n)\rangle_{g,n, \beta}^X, \quad \mbox{with} \ \ \sum_{i=1}^n k_i < g + \delta_{0g}. \]



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