Towards sharp Bohnenblust-Hille constants

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Abstract: We investigate the optimality problem associated with the best constants in a class of Bohnenblust--Hille type inequalities for m--linear forms. While germinal estimates indicated an exponential growth, in this work we provide strong evidences to the conjecture that the sharp constants in the classical Bohnenblust--Hille inequality are universally bounded, irrespectively of the value of m; hereafter referred as the extit{Universality Conjecture}. In our approach, we introduce the {notions of entropy and complexity}, designed to measure, to some extent, the complexity of such optimization problems. We show that the notion of entropy is critically connected to the Universality Conjecture; for instance, that if the entropy grows at most exponentially with respect to m, then the optimal constants of the m% --linear Bohnenblust--Hille inequality for real scalars are indeed bounded universally in m. It is likely that indeed the entropy grows as 4m−1, and in this scenario, we show that the optimal constants are precisely 21−frac1m. In the bilinear case, m=2, we show that any extremum of the Littlewood's 4/3-inequality has entropy 4 and complexity 2, and thus we are able to classify all extrema of the problem. We also prove that, for any mixed left(ell1,ell2ight)% --Littlewood inequality, the entropy do grow exponentially and the sharp constants for such a class of inequalities are precisely (sqrt2)m−1. In addition to the {notions of entropy and complexity}, the approach we develop in this work makes decisive use of a family of strongly non-symmetric m--linear forms, which has further consequences to the theory, as we explain herein.





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