Transversely trapping surfaces: dynamical version

DOI10.1093/PTEP/PTZ161MaRDI QIDQ5156510zbMATH OpenOpenAlexFDO

Authors Hirotaka Yoshino, Keisuke Izumi, Tetsuya Shiromizu, Yoshimune Tomikawa

Publication date 18 October 2021

Published in PTEP. Progress of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Copyright license Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08420

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Minkowski geometries in nonlinear incidence geometry (51B20) Convex sets in (n) dimensions (including convex hypersurfaces) (52A20) Propagation of singularities; initial value problems on manifolds (58J47) Quantum optics (81V80) Gravitational energy and conservation laws; groups of motions (83C40) Geometrodynamics and the holographic principle (83E05)

Abstract: We propose new concepts, a dynamically transversely trapping surface (DTTS) and a marginally DTTS, as indicators for a strong gravity region. A DTTS is defined as a two-dimensional closed surface on a spacelike hypersurface such that photons emitted from arbitrary points on it in transverse directions are acceleratedly contracted in time, and a marginally DTTS is reduced to the photon sphere in spherically symmetric cases. (Marginally) DTTSs have a close analogy with (marginally) trapped surfaces in many aspects. After preparing the method of solving for a marginally DTTS in the time-symmetric initial data and the momentarily stationary axisymmetric initial data, some examples of marginally DTTSs are numerically constructed for systems of two black holes in the Brill-Lindquist initial data and in the Majumdar-Papapetrou spacetimes. Furthermore, the area of a DTTS is proved to satisfy the Penrose-like inequality, $A_{0}le4pi(3GM{)}^2$, under some assumptions. Differences and connections between a DTTS and the other two concepts proposed by us previously, a loosely trapped surface [arXiv:1701.00564] and a static/stationary transversely trapping surface [arXiv:1704.04637], are also discussed. A (marginally) DTTS provides us with a theoretical tool to significantly advance our understanding of strong gravity fields. Also, since DTTSs are located outside the event horizon, they could possibly be related with future observations of strong gravity regions in dynamical evolutions.

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Cited in

(8)

• Macrokinetics of trapping in the cyclic effective medium model
• Photon structure of stationary spaces
• Extension of photon surfaces and their area: static and stationary spacetimes
• The time evolution of marginally trapped surfaces
• Causal concept for black hole shadows
• Formation of dynamically transversely trapping surfaces and the stretched hoop conjecture
• Quasilocal inequalities for the attractive gravity probe surface
• Loosely trapped surface for slowly rotating black hole

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