Trigonometric functions in the p-norm

Authors Sunil K. Chebolu, Andrew Hatfield, Riley Klette, Cristopher Moore, Elizabeth Warden

Publication date 28 September 2021

Functions of one variable (26A99) Other special functions (33E99)

Abstract: Trigonometry is the study of circular functions, which are functions defined on the unit circle

x^{2} + y^{2} = 1

, where distances are measured using the Euclidean norm. When distances are measured using the

L_{p}

-norm, we get generalized trigonometric functions. These are parametrizations of the unit

p

-circle

| x |^{p} + | y |^{p} = 1

. Investigating these new functions leads to interesting connections involving double angle formulas, norms induced by inner products, Stirling numbers, Bell polynomials, Lagrange inversion, gamma functions, and generalized

p i

values.

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