Ultrametric properties for valuation spaces of normal surface singularities

DOI10.1090/TRAN/7854MaRDI QIDQ5243108zbMATH OpenOpenAlexWikidataFDO

Authors

Publication date 14 November 2019

Published in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1802.01165

zbMATH Keywords

\(B\)-divisorarborescent singularityblockbrickcut-vertexintersection numbernormal surface singularitiessemivaluationstreesultrametric

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Singularities in algebraic geometry (14B05) Singularities of surfaces or higher-dimensional varieties (14J17) Complex surface and hypersurface singularities (32S25)

Abstract: Let $L$ be a fixed branch -- that is, an irreducible germ of curve -- on a normal surface singularity $X$. If $A,B$ are two other branches, define $u_L(A,B):=dfrac(LcdotA):(LcdotB)AcdotB$, where $AcdotB$ denotes the intersection number of $A$ and $B$. Call $X$ arborescent if all the dual graphs of its resolutions are trees. In a previous paper, the first three authors extended a 1985 theorem of P{l}oski by proving that whenever $X$ is arborescent, the function $u_L$ is an ultrametric on the set of branches on $X$ different from $L$. In the present paper we prove that, conversely, if $u_L$ is an ultrametric, then $X$ is arborescent. We also show that for any normal surface singularity, one may find arbitrarily large sets of branches on $X$, characterized uniquely in terms of the topology of the resolutions of their sum, in restriction to which $u_L$ is still an ultrametric. Moreover, we describe the associated tree in terms of the dual graphs of such resolutions. Then we extend our setting by allowing $L$ to be an arbitrary semivaluation on $X$ and by defining $u_L$ on a suitable space of semivaluations. We prove that any such function is again an ultrametric if and only if $X$ is arborescent, and without any restriction on $X$ we exhibit special subspaces of the space of semivaluations in restriction to which $u_L$ is still an ultrametric.

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