Von Neumann Dimensions and Trace Formulas I: Limit Multiplicities

Abstract: Given a connected semisimple Lie group

G

and an arithmetic subgroup

G a m m a

, it is well-known that each irreducible representation

p i

of

G

occurs in the discrete spectrum

of

with at most a finite multiplicity

m_{G a m m a} (p i)

. While

m_{G a m m a} (p i)

is unknown in general, we are interested in its limit as

G a m m a

is taken to be in a tower of lattices

G a m m a_{1} s u p s e t G a m m a_{2} s u p s e t d o t s

. For a bounded measurable subset

X

of the unitary dual

w i d e h a t G

, we let

m_{G a m m a_{n}} (X)

be the sum of the multiplicity

m_{G a m m a_{n}} (p i)

of a representation

p i

over all

p i

in

X

. Let

H_{X}

be the direct integral of the irreducible representations in

X

, which is also a module over the group von Neumann algebra

m a t h c a l L G a m m a_{n}

. We prove: �egin{center}

l i m l i m i t s_{n o i n f t y} c f r a c m_{G a m m a_{n}} (X) d i m_{m a t h c a l L G a m m a_{n}} H_{X} = 1

, end{center} for any bounded subset

X

of

w i d e h a t G

, when i)

G a m m a_{n}

's are cocompact, or, ii)

G = S L (n, m a t h b b R)

and

G a m m a_{n}

are principal congruence subgroups.

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