Weak Second Order Conditions for Stochastic Runge--Kutta Methods

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The Wagner-Platen expansion (sometimes called Itô-Taylor expansion for stochastic differential equations (SDEs); cf \textit{E. Platen} [An introduction to numerical methods for stochastic differential equations. Acta Numer. 8 197--246 (1999; Zbl 0942.65004)] and its simplified version are used to derive fairly general order conditions for weak convergence of 2nd order Runge-Kutta methods applied to stochastic differential equations under the ``classical conditions. The concept of numerical weak convergence is understood in the sense of \textit{G. N. Milstein} [Teor. Veroyatn. Primen. 30, 706--721 (1985; Zbl 0579.60047)] along (nonrandom) equidistant partitions of fixed finite time-intervals \([t_0,T]\). Numerical experiments for the geometric Brownian motion and a reducible nonlinear SDE are conducted. During these experiments no significant difference between several Runge-Kutta methods is observed. Suprisingly well-explained, most of the so far known Runge-Kutta methods fit in the framework which the authors present (e.g. stochastic theta-methods, modified and improved Euler methods, Platen's method [loc. cit.], deterministic two stage Runge-Kutta methods, etc.). The main emphasis is to construct weakly converging methods with second order for SDEs and to state order conditions. Some new stochastic Runge-Kutta methods are found too.




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