Zero modes in de Sitter background

DOI10.1007/JHEP03(2017)144MaRDI QIDQ1693010zbMATH OpenWikidataFDO

Authors M. B. Einhorn, D. R. T. Jones

Publication date 10 January 2018

Published in Journal of High Energy Physics (Search for Journal in Brave)

Full work available at URL https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.02268

zbMATH Keywords

differential and algebraic geometrymodels of quantum gravityspace-time symmetries

Mathematics Subject Classification ID

Perturbative methods of renormalization applied to problems in quantum field theory (81T15) Approximation procedures, weak fields in general relativity and gravitational theory (83C25) Quantization of the gravitational field (83C45)

Abstract: There are five well-known zero modes among the fluctuations of the metric of de~Sitter (dS) spacetime. For Euclidean signature, they can be associated with certain spherical harmonics on the $S^4$ sphere, viz., the vector representation $$ of the global $SO(5)$ isometry. They appear, for example, in the perturbative calculation of the on-shell effective action of dS space, as well as in models containing matter fields. These modes are shown to be associated with collective modes of $S^4$ corresponding to certain coherent fluctuations. When dS space is embedded in flat five dimensions $E^5,$ they may be seen as a legacy of translation of the center of the $S^4$ sphere. Rigid translations of the $S^4$-sphere on $E^5$ leave the classical action invariant but are unobservable displacements from the point of view of gravitational dynamics on $S^4.$ Thus, unlike similar moduli, the center of the sphere is not promoted to a dynamical degree of freedom. As a result, these zero modes do not signify the possibility of physically realizable fluctuations or flat directions for the metric of dS space. They are not associated with Killing vectors on $S^4$ but can be with certain non-isometric, conformal Killing forms that locally correspond to a rescaling of the volume element $d{V}_4.$ For convenience, we frame our discussion in the context of renormalizable gravity, but the conclusions apply equally to the corresponding zero modes in Einstein gravity. We expect that these zero modes will be present to all orders in perturbation theory. They will occur for Lorentzian signature as well, so long as the hyperboloid $H^4$ is locally stable, but there remain certain infrared issues that need to be clarified. We conjecture that they will appear in any gravitational theory having dS background as a locally stable solution of the effective action, regardless of whether additional matter is included.

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Cited in

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• Zero modes of the Dirac operator for regular Einstein-Yang-Mills background fields
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• On the existence of neutrino ’’zero-modes’’ in vacuum spacetimes

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