Hopf bifurcation for Wright-type delay differential equations: the simplest formula, period estimates, and the absence of folds (Q2204461)

The authors consider the delay differential test equation \[ x'(t)= -\mu f(x(t-1)). \] Simplifying complicated formula of the first Lyapunov coefficient by comparing the magnitudes of \( f''(0) \) and \( f'''(0) \), and this result provide to tell the direction of all the Hopf bifurcations emerging from zero. Proving by the Theorem 1 that the simple ratio \( \frac{f'''(0)}{(f''(0))^2} \) provides needed information. The paper explores the connection between the presented results and the Schwarzian derivative of the nonlinearity. This result plays a significant role in many global stability results. Authors prove that by local bifurcations one can not disprove the conjecture that local asymptotic stability implies global asymptotic stability for Wright-type delay differential equations with negative Schwarzian. Presented results are illustrated by interesting examples.