The \(L\)-total graph of an \(L\)-module (Q410656): Difference between revisions

The author introduces a new class of graphs, called the \(L\)-total torsion element graph of an \(L\)-module, where \(L\) is a complete lattice with least element 0 and greatest element 1. The author completely characterizes the structure of this graph. The total torsion element graph of a module over a commutative ring and the \(L\)-total torsion element graph of an \(L\)-module over an \(L\)-commutative ring are different concepts. Some of the results in this paper are analogous to known results concerning the total torsion element graph of a module over a commutative ring. The corresponding results are obtained by modification. A complete description of the \(L\)-total torsion element graph of an \(L\)-module is given. For a graph \(\Gamma\), let \(E(\Gamma)\) and \(V(\Gamma)\) denote the set of all edges and vertices of \(\Gamma\), respectively. The distance between two vertices \(a\), \(b\) of \(\Gamma\) is denoted by \(d(a, b)\). Let \(\text{diam}(\Gamma)\) denote the diameter of \(\Gamma\) and \(\text{gr}(\Gamma)\) the girth of \(\Gamma\). An \(L\)-fuzzy subset of a set \(X\) is a function of \(X\) into \(L\). Let \(R\) denote a commutative ring and \(M\) an \(R\)-module. The set of all \(L\)-ideals of \(R\) is denoted by \(LI(R)\) and the set of all \(L\)-fuzzy \(R\)-modules of \(M\) is denoted by \(L(M)\). Let \(\mu\in L(M)\). A \(\mu\)-torsion element is defined to be an element \(m\in M\) with \(\mu(m)\neq \mu(0_M)\) for which there exists a nonzero element \(r\) of \(R\) such that \(\mu(rm)= \mu(0_M)\). The set of \(\mu\)-torsion elements of \(M\) is denoted by \(T(\mu)\). The \(L\)-total torsion element graph \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) of an \(L\)-module is defined as follows: \(V(T(\Gamma))= M\), \(E(T(\Gamma(\mu)))= \{\{x,y\}\mid x+ y\in T(\mu)\}\). The notation \(\text{Tof}(\mu)\) denotes the set of elements of \(M\) that are not \(\mu\)-torsion elements and \(T\) of \((\Gamma(\mu))\) the induced subgraph of \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) with vertices \(\text{Tof}(\mu)\). Let \(\text{Tor}(\Gamma(\mu))\) be the induced subgraph of \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) with vertices \(T(\mu)\). The author proceeds to prove results concerning the completeness and connectedness of \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) when \(T(\mu)\) is a submodule of \(M\). For example, it is shown that \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) is complete if and only if \(T(\mu)= M\). It is also shown that if \(T(\mu)\) is a submodule of \(M\), then \(\text{Tor}(\Gamma(\mu))\) is a complete induced subgraph of \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) and \(\text{Tor}(\Gamma(\mu))\) is disjoint from \(\text{Tof}(\Gamma(\mu))\). A necessary and sufficient condition is given for \(T(\mu)\) to be totally disconnected. It is shown that \(T(\mu)\) is a proper submodule of \(M\), then \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) is disconnected. The author proves several other results. The author then focuses on \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) when \(T(\mu)\) is not a submodule of \(M\). Under this condition it is shown that \(\text{Tor}(\Gamma(\mu))\) is connected with \(\text{diam}(\text{Tor}(\Gamma(\mu)))= 2\). It also is shown that \(\text{Tof}(\Gamma(\mu))\) is connected, then \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) is connected. Another result is that \(T(\Gamma(\mu))\) is connected if and only if \(M\) is generated by \(\mu\)-torsion elements. The paper concludes with results concerning diameter and girth.