The Perron integral in ordinary differential equations (Q688882): Difference between revisions

A finite sequence of numbers \(D=\{\alpha_ 0,\tau_ 1,\alpha_ 1,\cdots, \alpha_{k-1},\tau_ k,\alpha_ k\}\) is called a partition of an interval \([a,b]\) if \(a=\alpha_ 0<\alpha_ 1< \cdots<\alpha_ k=b\) and \(\alpha_{j-1}\leq \tau_ j\leq\alpha_ j\), \(j=1,2,\dots,k\). Given a positive function \(\delta: [a,b]\to (0,\infty)\), called a gauge, the partition \(D\) is called \(\delta\)-fine if \([\alpha_{j-1},\alpha_ j]\subset [\tau_ j- \delta(\tau_ j), \tau_ j+\delta(\tau_ j)]\), \(j=1,2,\dots,k\). Let a function \(f:[a,b]\times \mathbb{R}^ n\to \mathbb{R}^ n\) satisfy the following conditions: (1) \(f(t,\cdot)\) is continuous for almost all \(t\in[a,b]\), (2) the integral \(\int_ a^ b f(s,z)ds\) in the sense of Perron exists for every \(z\in\mathbb{R}^ n\), (3) there is a compact set \(S\subset\mathbb{R}^ n\) and a gauge \(\delta\) on \([a,b]\) such that for all \(\delta\)-fine partitions \(\{\alpha_ 0,\tau,\dots,\alpha_ k\}\) and all functions \(w:[a,b]\to\mathbb{R}^ n\) we have: \(\sum_{i=1}^ k f(\tau_ i, w(\tau_ i)) (\alpha_ i- \alpha_{i-1})\in S\). The author shows that under these conditions for every \(v\in\mathbb{R}^ n\) and \(\alpha\in[a,b]\) there is a function \(y:[a,b]\to \mathbb{R}^ n\) such that \(y(t)=v+ \int_ \alpha^ t f(s,y(s))ds\) for \(t\in[a,b]\), where the integral is understood in the sense of Perron.