Recurrences for Bernoulli and Euler polynomials and numbers (Q1573562): Difference between revisions

This article contains both classical and new results on the subject of the title. One starting point is the following nice relation for Bernoulli polynomials \(B_m(X)\), where \(X\) and \(Y\) are indeterminates and \(m\) and \(l\) are positive integers: \[ \left(B_m(X)+Y\right)^l = \left(B_l(X+Y)-Y\right)^m \] (in the usual symbolic notation). The corresponding relation also holds for Euler polynomials \(E_m(X)\). Using these formulas, the author proves a series of other recurrences for \(B_m(X)\) and \(E_m(X)\) as well as for Bernoulli and Euler numbers. The proofs are often simpler and shorter than the previously known proofs.