A Borsuk-type theorem for some classes of perturbed Fredholm maps (Q1958998): Difference between revisions

The article deals with modifications of the classical Borsuk antipodes theorem for some classes of perturbed Fredholm maps. More precisely, the authors consider the class of quasi-Fredholm maps and the class of \(\alpha\)-Fredholm maps; it is assumed that the maps from these classes are defined on an open set \(\Omega\) of a Banach space \(E\) and take values in a Banach space \(F\). The first of them is defined as maps of type \(f = g + k\), where \(g\) is a nonlinear Fredholm map of index zero and \(k\) is locally compact; the second class is maps of type \(f = g+k\), where \(g\) is a nonlinear Fredholm map of index zero and \(\alpha(k) < \omega(g)\), and \[ \alpha(k) = \sup \;\bigg\{\frac{\alpha(k(A))}{\alpha(A)}:\;A \subseteq \Omega, \;\alpha(A) > 0\bigg\}, \] \[ \omega(g) = \inf \;\bigg\{\frac{\alpha(g(A))}{\alpha(A)}:\;A \subseteq \Omega, \;\alpha(A) > 0\bigg\}; \] here, \(\alpha(\cdot)\) is the Kuratowski measure of noncompactness. The main result of this article is the oddness of the degree either for a quasi-Fredholm or an \(\alpha\)-Fredholm map \(f = g + k\) on a symmetric (with respect to \(0\)) bounded open set \(\Omega\). (The authors point out that the degree of a quasi-Fredholm map \(f = g + k\) does not depend on the representation \(f = g + k\); however, the degree of an \(\alpha\)-Fredholm map \(f = g + k\) does depend on the representation \(f = g + k\).) At the end of the article, the class of weakly \(\alpha\)-Fredholm maps is also considered.