Uniqueness and nonuniqueness of solutions to parabolic problems with singular coefficients (Q550373): Difference between revisions

The authors investigate the uniqueness and nonuniqueness of solutions to semilinear degenerate parabolic problems, with possibly unbounded coefficients, of the following form: \[ \begin{cases} \mathcal{L}u-cu-\partial _tu=f\left( x,t,u\right) ,\,\,\,&\text{in}\,\Omega \times \left( 0,T\right) =:Q_T \\ u=g,\,&\text{in}\,\mathcal{R}\times \left( 0,T\right] \\ u=u_0,\,&\text{in}\,\left( \Omega \cup \mathcal{R}\right) \times \left\{ 0\right\}. \end{cases} \tag{1} \] Here \(\Omega \subseteq \mathbb{R}^n\) is an open connected set with boundary \( \partial \Omega \), \(\mathcal{R}\) is a subset of the boundary (regular boundary), \(\mathcal{S}=\partial \Omega \backslash \mathcal{R}\) (singular boundary), \(\mathcal{L}\) is formally defined as follows: \[ \mathcal{L}u\equiv \sum\limits_{i,j=1}^na_{ij}\left( x\right) \frac{\partial ^2u}{\partial x_i\partial x_j}+\sum\limits_{i=1}^nb_i\left( x\right) \frac{ \partial u}{\partial x_i}. \] The authors consider also the following generalization of problem (1): \[ \begin{cases} \mathcal{L}u-cu-\partial _tu=f\left( x,t,u\right) ,\,\,\,&\text{in}\,Q_T \\ u=g,\,&\text{in}\,\left( \mathcal{R}\cup \mathcal{S}_1\right) \times \left( 0,T\right] \\ u=u_0,\,&\text{in}\,\left( \Omega \cup \mathcal{R}\cup \mathcal{S}_1\right) \times \left\{ 0\right\} \end{cases} \] with \(S_1\subseteq S\). For this problem some uniqueness criteria are proved. These criteria depend on the existence of subsolutions to the elliptic problem: \[ \begin{cases} \mathcal{L}U-cU=\mu U,\,\,\,&\text{in}\,\Omega ,(\mu \geq 0) \\ U=0,\,&\text{in}\,\mathcal{R}. \end{cases} \] Sufficient conditions for non-uniqueness of bounded solutions to problem (1) are provided. As an application of the above results, the authors study the uniqueness and non-uniqueness of bounded solutions of the following Cauchy problem in the hyperbolic space: \[ \begin{cases} \partial _tu=a\Delta _gu+f\left( x,t,u\right) ,\,\,\,&\text{in}\,\mathbb{H}^n\times \left( 0,T\right) \\ u=u_0,\,&\text{in}\,\mathbb{H}^n\times \left\{ 0\right\}, \end{cases} \] where \(\mathbb{H}^n\) is the \(n-\)dimensional hyperbolic space (\(n\geq 2\)), \( \Delta _g\) is the Laplace-Beltrami operator in \(\mathbb{H}^n\), and \(a\) is a positive function of the space variables.