Complexity functions of varieties of Leibniz algebras with nilpotent commutator subalgebra (Q276667): Difference between revisions

The paper is devoted to the study of complexity functions of the variety of the right Leibniz algebras. Let \(L(X)\) be a free Leibniz algebra with countable set \(X=\{x_1, x_2, \dots\}\) of free generators. Denote by \(P_n\) the subspace of \(L(X)\), consisting of all multilinear elements of degree \(n\) on variables \(x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n.\) For the variety of Leibniz algebras (further denoted by \(V\)) consider the ideal \(L(V)\), of identities of the variety \(V\) in the free algebra \(L(X)\). Denote \[ P_n(V)=P_n/ (P_n \cap Id(V)), \quad c_n(V)=\dim P_n(V). \] Let \(A\) be an associative algebra with multiplication \(\wedge\). The Cartesian square \(A \times A\) equipped with coordinate-wise linear operation and the multiplication \[ (x_1,x_2)(y_1, y_2)=([x_1,y_1], [x_2,y_1]), \] where \([x,y]=x\wedge y-y\wedge x\), forms a Leibniz algebra. Consider the variety \(\widetilde{N_sA}\) generated by the fundamental identity: \[ (x_1x_2)\dots (x_{2s+1}x_{2s+2}). \] Put \(\widetilde{U}_s=UT_s \times UT_s,\) where \(UT_s\) is the associative algebra of upper trigonal matrices of degree \(s\). It is clear that the above Leibniz algebra \(\widetilde{U}_s \in \widetilde{N_{s-1}A}.\) The main result of the paper are: (i) The basis of the space \(P_n(\widetilde{U}_s)\), \( s \geq 2\) consists of the multilinear elements on variables \(x_1, x_2, \dots, x_n\) of the following form: \[ x_{m_1}x_{m_2}x_{i_1}\dots x_{i_k}(x_{11}\dots x_{1a_1})\dots (x_{c1}\cdots x_{ca_c}), \] with \(m_1, m_2\in \{1, 2, \ldots, n\}\), \(m_1\neq m_2\), \(k\geq 0, \;i-1 < \cdots < i_k\), \(a_1, \ldots, a_c\geq 2\), \(0\leq c \leq s-2\) and variables in each brackets \(x_{j1}... x_{ja_j}\) are ordered by the following way: \[ j1 < j2 < \ldots ja_j. \] (ii) For the case of the ground field with zero characteristic the identity \[ (x_1x_2)\cdots (x_{2s-1}x_{2s})=0 \] generates the ideal of identities of the algebra \(\widetilde{U}_s.\) Moreover, it is proved that complexity function for the algebra \(\widetilde{N_sA}\) is equal to the following expression: \[ z+\frac{z^2}{z-1}((1+(z-1)\exp(z))^s-1). \] In addition \[ c_n(\widetilde{N_sA})=\sum_{k=1}^{n}k^n \sum_{i=0}^{k-1}C_s^k C_{k-1}^i (-1)^{k-1-i}k^{-i-2}\frac{n!}{(n-i-2)!}, \quad n\geq 2. \]