Indices of fixed points not accumulated by periodic points (Q519471): Difference between revisions

If \(p\) is an isolated fixed point of a continuous map \(f:D\to\mathbb{R}^d\) where \(D\) is open in \(\mathbb{R}^d\) then the fixed index \(i(f^n,p)\) is defined as long as \(p\) is isolated in the fixed point set of \(f^n\). The sequence \((i(f^n,p))_n\) is called a fixed point index sequence. In his important article [Invent. Math. 74, 419--435 (1983; Zbl 0583.55001)], \textit{A. Dold} proves the following theorem: For a positive natural number \(k\) define the sequence \(\sigma_n^k\) by \(\sigma_n^k=k\) if \(k\) divides \(n\) and \(\sigma_n^k=0\) otherwise. If \((i_n)_n\) is a fixed point index sequence then there are integers \(a_k\), \(k\geq1\), such that \(i_n=\sum_{k=1}^\infty a_k\sigma_n^k\). These are the so-called Dold relations. The present author proves the following result: For every \(d\geq2\) and integer sequence \(I\) satisfying the Dold relations there is a continuous self-map \(f\) of \(\mathbb{R}^d\) fixing \(p\) such that \(I\) is the fixed point index sequence of \(p\) and \(p\) is not an accumulation point of another periodic orbit of \(f\). Obviously it suffices to exhibit such a map for \(d=2\) because in the general case \(\mathbb{R}^d\) can be retracted to \(\mathbb{R}^2\).