Long line knots (Q1881022): Difference between revisions
From MaRDI portal
Set profile property. |
Changed an Item |
||
(One intermediate revision by one other user not shown) | |||
Property / OpenAlex ID | |||
Property / OpenAlex ID: W1978227883 / rank | |||
Normal rank | |||
Property / arXiv ID | |||
Property / arXiv ID: math/0406179 / rank | |||
Normal rank |
Latest revision as of 23:35, 18 April 2024
scientific article
Language | Label | Description | Also known as |
---|---|---|---|
English | Long line knots |
scientific article |
Statements
Long line knots (English)
0 references
27 September 2004
0 references
To clarify the terminology let us write: For an ordinal \(\alpha, W(\alpha)\) denotes the set of ordinals strictly smaller than \(\alpha\). The (closed) long ray \(R\) is the set \(W(\omega_1)\times [0,1)\), equipped with the lexicographic order and the order topology. The long line \(L\) is the union of two copies of \(R\) glued at (0,0), with the reverse order on one copy. The embeddings of \(L\) into \(L^n\) and \(R\) into \(R^n\), respectively, and their classifications up to ambient isotopy, shortly knots, are treated. In order to describe the classification the authors introduce a numerical invariant called the ``direction'', and in the case of \(f: R \to R^n\), the direction is a vector whose \(i\)-th component is 1 if \(\pi_i \circ f(R)\) is cofinal and 0 if it is bounded in \(R\), where \(\pi_i\) denotes \(i\)-th projection. With appropriate modifications one has a definition of direction in other cases. Two sample results: There are 3 classes of embeddings of \(R\) into \(R^2\); If \( n \geq 4\), then there are \((2^n - 1)\) ambient isotopy classes of differentiable embeddings of \(R\) into \(R^n\). As a final result, it is shown that the classification of differentiable embeddings of \(L\) into \(L^3\) with a given direction is equivalent to the classification of oriented differentiable embeddings of \(S^1\) into \(S^3\).
0 references
long line
0 references
long ray
0 references
knot
0 references
ambient isotopy
0 references
classification of knots
0 references