On Hilbert series for commutative and noncommutative graded algebras (Q1181432): Difference between revisions

Let \(k\) be a field, \(k\langle X_ 1,\ldots,X_ n\rangle\) the free associative algebra in the \(X_ i\) (each of degree 1 over \(k)\). Let \(g_ j\) be homogeneous in the \(X_ i\). Consider the graded algebra \(A=k\langle X_ 1,\ldots,X_ n\rangle/(g_ 1,\ldots,g_ r)\). The Hilbert series of the graded algebra \(A=\oplus^{\infty}_{i=0}A_ i\) is defined by \(A(z)=\sum_{i\geq 0}\dim_ kA_ i\cdot z^ i\). The authors study properties that hold for commutative algebras, but do not for noncommutative algebras. Given \(r,d,d_ 1,\ldots,d_ r\), consider \(R=k[X_ 1,\ldots,X_ n]/(f_ 1,\ldots,f_ r)\) as a point in \(A=\mathbb{A}^ N_ k\), where \(\deg(f_ i)=d_ i\) and \(N=\sum^ r_{i=1}{n+d_ i-1\choose d_ i}\). \(R\) is a complete intersection of dimension \(n-r\) if \(f_ 1,\ldots,f_ r\) constitute a regular sequence. If \(r\leq n\), then most points in \(A\) correspond to complete intersections. The points in \(A\) only give rise to finitely many Hilbert series. The Hilbert series is constant on a Zariski-open set for any given sequence of integers \(n,r,d_ 1,\ldots,d_ r\). In 2-related algebras \(T=k\langle X_ 1,...\ldots,X_ n\rangle/(f_ 1,\ldots,f_ r)\), the \(f_ i\) are linear combinations of \(n^ 2\) monomials, thus \(T\) is a point in \(A'=\mathbb{A}_ k^{rn^ 2}\). It is shown that \(T(z)\geq(1- nz-rz^ 2)^{-1}\). It is shown that the exceptional points do not constitute a closed set even in the Euclidean sense and that, for a given sequence of integers, there may be infinitely many Hilbert series and that there is no series \(A(z)\) for which the set of points with series \(A(z)\) is Zariski-open and nonempty.