Galois module structure as the obstruction to a local-global principle (Q1183310): Difference between revisions

Let \(K\) be a number field and let \(\Delta\) be a finite abelian group. A ``tame realization of \(\Delta\) over \(K\)'' is defined to be a pair \((M,\Phi)\) consisting of a tamely ramified Galois extension \(M\) of \(K\) together with an isomorphism from the Galois group \(\text{Gal}(M/K)\) to \(\Delta\). There are infinitely many of them, but only finitely many with prescribed discriminant over \(K\). It is natural to ask for a refinement in which the tame realizations are completely characterized by some stronger invariant than the discriminant. Following S. M. J. Wilson, the author says that two tame realizations \((M,\Phi)\) and \((N,\Psi)\) of \(\Delta\) over \(K\) have the ``same ramification'' if there is a finite unramified base field extension \(L\) of \(K\) such that the tensor products \(L\otimes_ K M\) and \(L\otimes_ K N\) are isomorphic as \(L\)-\(\Delta\)- algebras. Let \(\overline{A}\Delta\) be the group ring of \(\Delta\) over the ring of all integral finite adeles, that is \(\overline{A}:=\bigcup_ F A_ F\) where \(F\) is a number field. Let the group \(\Omega_ K:=\text{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/K)\) act on \(\overline{A}\Delta\) by the given Galois action on \(\overline A\). Let \(\overline\mathbb{Z}\) be the maximal order in \(\overline\mathbb{Q}\). Definition: \((M,\Phi)\) and \((N,\Psi)\) are said to be ``locally (resp. globally) unit equivalent'' if there exists a unit \(u\) in \(\overline{A}\Delta\) (resp. \(\overline{\mathbb{Z}}\Delta\)) such that \[ \Phi(\omega)=u^{-1}\Psi(\omega)\omega\cdot u \qquad (\omega\in\Omega_ K). \] Proposition: \((M,\Phi)\) and \((N,\Psi)\) have the same ramification iff they are locally unit equivalent. Definition: \((M,\Phi)\) and \((N,\Psi)\) are said to have the same Galois module structure if the maximal orders \({\mathcal O}_ M\) and \({\mathcal O}_ N\) are isomorphic as modules over the group ring \({\mathcal O}_ K\Delta\). Then the main result of the paper is the following. Theorem: Two tame realizations of a finite abelian group \(\Delta\) over a number field \(K\) are globally unit equivalent iff they are locally unit equivalent and have moreover the same Galois module structure.