Polynomial identities for partitions (Q1193549): Difference between revisions

Set \(P_ 1(q)=1-q\) and \(P_ k(q)=\sum_{d\mid k}\mu(k/d)\) for \(k>1\). For every integer \(m>1\) define \[ P^ +_{k,m}(q)=P_ k(q)(P_ k(q)+k)(P_ k(q)+2k)\cdots(P_ k(q)+(m-1)k), \] \[ P^ -_{k,m}(q)=P_ k(q)(P_ k(q)-k)(P_ k(q)-2k)\cdots(P_ k(q)-(m-1)k); \] and set \(P^ +_{k,0}(q)=P^ -_{k,0}(q)=1\). The author proves the following identities: for any \(n\) positive integer, \[ \sum_{\lambda\vdash n}\prod^ n_{k=1}{P^ +_{k,m_ k(\lambda)}\over m_ k(\lambda)!\cdot k^{m_ k(\lambda)}}=q^ n-q^{n-1} \] and \[ \sum_{\lambda\vdash n}(-1)^{r(\lambda)}\prod^ n_{k=1}{P^ - _{k,m_ k(\lambda)}\over m_ k(\lambda)!\cdot k^{m_ k(\lambda)}}=-(q-1), \] where \(\lambda=\langle 1^{m_ 1(\lambda)},2^{m_ 2(\lambda)},\dots,n^{m_ n(\lambda)}\rangle\) runs through the partitions of \(n\) and \(r(\lambda)=\sum_ im_ i(\lambda)\) denotes the number of parts in \(\lambda\).