Rational points on \(K3\) surfaces in \(\mathbb{P}^ 1\times\mathbb{P}^ 1\times\mathbb{P}^ 1\) (Q1923245): Difference between revisions

Let \(V\) be a variety defined over a number field \(K\) and embedded in \(\mathbb{P}^m\). Let \(U\) be a subset of \(V\) and let \(H\) be the usual exponential height on \(\mathbb{P}^m\). Define the quantity \(N_U(T)= \#\{P\in U(K): H(P)<T\}\). The asymptotic behavior of \(N\) is an interesting arithmetic characteristic of \(V\) which is well known for smooth curves but poorly understood in higher dimensions. In higher dimensions, \(N_V(T)\) may be dominated by a subvariety, and in such a case, would characterize the subvariety rather than \(V\). For this reason, we are interested in \(N_U(T)\) for \(U\) a Zariski open subset of \(V\), and wish to in some sense minimize \(N_U(T)\) over all \(U\). We study the \(K\)-rational points on generic smooth varieties generated by \((2,2,2)\) forms in \(\mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1\times \mathbb{P}^1\). Such a variety \(V\) is a K3 surface, so has a trivial canonical divisor. \textit{L. Wang} [in Recent developments in the inverse Galois problem, A joint Summer Res. Conf., Seattle 1993, Contemp. Math. 186, 273-286 (1995; Zbl 0849.14010)] shows \(V\) admits a group of automorphisms \({\mathcal A}\) isomorphic to \(\mathbb{Z}/2* \mathbb{Z}/2* \mathbb{Z}/2\), and describes how the automorphisms and Weil heights interact. Using the group \({\mathcal A}\), we can decompose \(V(K)\) into \({\mathcal A}\)-orbits, thus reducing the problem of evaluating \(N_V(T)\) into two parts: (1) find the number of rational points of bounded height in orbits under the action of \({\mathcal A}\); and (2) find a set of coset representatives. Since we use Weil heights, which are logarithmic, let us introduce the notation \[ N_U(t)= \#\{P\in U(K): h(P)<t\}, \] where the lower case \(t\) emphasizes our use of a logarithmic height, and let \(N_P(t)=\# \{Q\in{\mathcal A}(P): h(Q)<t\}\) represent the number of points of bounded height in the \({\mathcal A}\)-orbit of \(P\). In this paper, we describe a conal region that contains a coset representative from each orbit (theorem 2.3) and find bounds on \(N_P(t)\) for all points \(P\) whose orbits do not intersect a finite set of proper subvarieties. We also show that the set of rational points whose orbits intersect \(V\setminus U_0\) make no contribution to the evaluation of \(\widehat{\beta}_V\).