On modular homology in projective space (Q1577499): Difference between revisions

If \(R\) is an associative ring with identity and if \(M_i\), \(i\in\mathbb{Z}\), are \(R\)-modules so that \(M_i=0\) when \(i<0\) such that \(\partial^\pi=0\) for an \(R\)-homomorphism \(\partial\colon\bigoplus_kM_k\to\bigoplus_kM_k\) with \(\partial(M_k)\subseteq M_{k-1}\), then if for positive integers \(i^*\), \(k^*\), with \(k^*,i^*<\pi\) we have \({\mathcal M}_{k^*i^*}\colon 0\leftarrow M_{k^*}\leftarrow M_{k^*+i^*}\leftarrow M_{k^*\pi}\leftarrow M_{k^*+i^*+\pi}\leftarrow\) in which each arrow is an appropriate power of \(\partial\) then \({\mathcal M}_{k^*,i^*}\) is homological, while \({\mathcal M}\colon 0\leftarrow M_0\leftarrow M_1\leftarrow\) is \(\pi\)-homological if for every choice of \(k^*\) and \(i^*\), \({\mathcal M}_{k^*,i^*}\) is homological. Furthermore, if \({\mathcal A}\colon 0\leftarrow A_0\leftarrow\cdots\leftarrow A_{k-1}\leftarrow A_k\leftarrow A_{k+1}\leftarrow\cdots\leftarrow 0\) is homological, then \(\mathcal A\) is almost exact if at most one of the homology modules in non-zero, with \(\mathcal M\) almost \(\pi\)-exact if each \({\mathcal M}_{k^*,i^*}\) is almost exact. If \(R\) has characteristic \(p>0\) not dividing \(q\), where \({\mathcal M}_k\) is the free \(R\)-module with basis the lattice of subspaces of dimension \(k\) of a vector-space \(V\) over a finite field \(\text{GF}(q)\), then if \(\partial(X)\) is the sum of all subspaces of codimension \(1\) in the finite-dimensional space \(X\), extended \(R\)-linearly, an interesting family of sequences \({\mathcal M}\), \({\mathcal M}_{k^*,i^*}\) is generated due to the fact that \(\partial^\pi=0\) for some finite minimal \(\pi=\pi(p,q)\), where from almost \(\pi\)-exactness in many situations, homological formulations turn into combinatorial formulas, e.g., the Brauer character on the homology modules derived from \(\mathcal M\). Otherwise, for Cohen-Macauley posets and other classes of posets \(\partial^2=0\), and the order complex is also known to be almost exact. In working out the details of the situation described above many results of interest are obtained while the authors also make progress in several other directions, employing techniques developed in this as well as earlier papers concerned with similar modular-homology theories in other settings, such as obtaining \(\pi\)-exact sequences for finitary ideals in the group ring \(R\text{P}\Gamma\)L