A generalized preimage theorem in global analysis (Q1609639): Difference between revisions

A smooth structure near a preimage of generalized regular value of a differentiable map between differentiable Banach manifolds is studied by using the author's rank theorem for bounded linear operators between Banach spaces [proved in Sci. China, Ser. A 43, 1-5 (2000; Zbl 0946.47001), see also Sci. China, Ser. A 43, 1233-1237 (2000; Zbl 1002.58004)]. Let \(M\) and \(N\) be Banach \(C^r\)-manifolds, \(r\geq 1\), \(f\) be a \(C^1\)-map between \(M\) and \(N\). A point \(x_0\) is said to be a locally fine point of \(f\) if and only if \(\varphi (x_0)\) is a local fine point of the local representation \(\overline {f}=\psi \circ f\circ \varphi ^{-1}\) of \(f\) under some admissible charts \((\varphi , U)\) of \(M\), \(x\in U\), and \((\psi , V)\) of \(N\), \(f(x_0)\in V\), i.e., there exists a bounded generalized inverse (in von Neumann's sense) \(T^+_0\) of the Fréchet derivative \(\overline {f}'(\varphi (x_0))\) of \(\overline {f}\) at \(\varphi (x_0)\) such that \(R(\overline{f}'(x_{\varphi }))\cap N(T^+_0)=\{0\}\) for each \(x_{\varphi }\) near \(\varphi (x_0)\). Here, \(N(\cdot)\) and \(R(\cdot)\) are the null space and the range of operator in the parentheses, respectively. A \(y\in N\) is said to be a generalized regular value of \(f\) if and only if the preimage \(f^{-1}(y)\) is empty or consists only of locally fine points of \(f\). The main result proved in the article is the following Theorem. Let \(f\) be a \(C^1\)-map between Banach \(C^r\)-manifolds \(M\) and \(N\), \(r\geq 1\). Then for a generalized regular value \(y_0\) of \(f\) the preimage \(S=f^{-1}(y_0)\) is a Banach submanifold in \(M\) with tangent space \(TS_x=N(f'(x))\) for all \(x\in S\).