A generalization of Kummer's identity. (Q1415053): Difference between revisions

Investing \({_2F_1}[A,B; C,-1]\), where \(C-A+B\) is an integer, the author writes \[ {_2F_1}\left[\begin{matrix} a+ n,b\\ a-b\end{matrix}\,\Biggl|\,-1\right]= \Gamma\left[\begin{matrix} a- b,{1\over 2}(a+ 1)\\ a,{1\over 2}(a+1)- b\end{matrix}\right] P(n)+\Gamma \left[\begin{matrix} a- b,{1\over 2}a\\ a,{1\over 2} a-b\end{matrix}\right]\, Q(n), \] where \(n\) is an integer, and establishes several theorems, by which \(P(n)\) and \(Q(n)\) are expressed as certain terminating \({_3F_2}\) series. In special cases, two of which are given, \(P(n)\) or \(Q(n)\) vanishes. The author thus improves and continues work by Whipple in papers from 1924 and 1930. In addition, one of the theorems is also proved by Zeilberger's method. In the final section, evaluation of \[ {_2F_1} \left[\begin{matrix} -a,{1\over 2}\\ 2a+{3\over 2}+ n\end{matrix}\,\Biggl|\, {1\over 4}\right]\quad\text{and}\quad {_3F_1} \left[\begin{matrix} a+ n,b,c\\ a- b,a-c\end{matrix}\,\Biggl|\, 1\right] \] is considered by similar methods.