Picard-Vessiot extensions of Artinian simple module algebras. (Q1772447): Difference between revisions

The Picard-Vessiot theory [\textit{M. van der Put} and \textit{M. F. Singer}, Galois theory of linear differential equations. Berlin: Springer (2003; Zbl 1036.12008)] is a differential extension of the classical Galois theory of field extensions. \textit{M. Takeuchi} [J. Algebra 122, No. 2, 481--509 (1989; Zbl 0669.16004)] has succeeded in pinpointing the very heart of the theory within the context of his favorite Hopf algebras. \textit{M. van der Put} and \textit{M. F. Singer} [Galois theory of difference equations. Berlin: Springer (1997; Zbl 0930.12006)] deals comprehensively with a difference analog of the Picard-Vessiot theory. \textit{Y. André} [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér. (4) 34, No. 5, 685--739 (2001; Zbl 1010.12004)] gave a unified treatment of the Picard-Vessiot theories of both differential and difference equations from a standpoint of noncommutive geometry. Enlightened by [\textit{M. Takeuchi}, J. Algebra 122, No. 2, 481--509 (1989; Zbl 0669.16004)], this paper gives another unified approach to the Picard-Vessiot theory of equations of both types within the context of artinian simple module algebras over a cocommutative pointed smooth Hopf algebra \(D\), in which we have \[ D=D^{1}\#RG \] with \(R\)\ being the base field, \(G=G\left( D\right) \)\ being the grouplikes of \(D\), and \(D^{1}\)\ being the irreducible component about \(1\). The advantage of affine group schemes over algebraic matrix groups enabled the authors to get rid of many unessential assumptions from the Picard-Vessiot theory (e.g., the assumption that the constant field is algebraically closed).