Isotriviality of torsors over Laurent polynomial rings (Q2577016): Difference between revisions

Let \(k\) be an algebraically closed field of characteristic \(0\). Let \(R_{n,d}=k [t_1^{\pm 1/d},\dots,t_n^{\pm 1/d}],\) such that \(R_n=R_{n,1}\) is the algebra of Laurent polynomials in the variables \(t_1,\dots,t_n\). Let \(K_{n,d}=k(t_1^{\pm 1/d},\dots,t_n^{\pm 1/d}).\) Also let \(R_{n,\infty}=\varinjlim_d R_{n,d}\) and \(K_{n,\infty}=\varinjlim_d K_{n,d}.\) In the study of extended affine Lie algebras one is lead to consider Lie algebras \(\mathcal{L}\) over \(k\) with the following two properties: (1) The centroid \(C_k(\mathcal{L})\) of \(\mathcal{L}\) is equipped with an isomorphism \(C_k(\mathcal{L})\simeq R_n\) for some \(n\), (2) There exists a finite dimensional split simple Lie algebra \(\mathfrak g\) (unique up to isomorphism), and a faithfully flat and finitely presented ring extension \(S\) of \(C_k(\mathcal{L})\) such that \(\mathcal{L}\otimes_{C_k(\mathcal{L})}S\simeq\mathfrak g\otimes_k S\). This implies that \(\mathcal{L}\), which is in general infinite dimensional over \(k\), can be viewed as an algebraic object over its centroid, yielding thereof an \(R_n\)-torsor under the linear algebraic group \(\mathbf{Aut}(\mathfrak g)\). For a group scheme \(\mathbf{G}/S\), \(\mathbf{G}\)-torsors (resp. locally trivial \(\mathbf{G}\)-torsors, resp. étale locally trivial \(\mathbf{G}\)-torsors) are classified by the pointed set of cohomology \(H^1_{\text{fppf}}(S,G)\) (resp. \(H^1_{\text{Zar}}(S,G)\), resp. \(H^1_{\text{ét}}(S,G)=H^1(S,G)\)). The main result of the article is the proof of the isotriviality theorem: \(H^1(R_{n,\infty},{\mathbf G})=1\) for any linear algebraic group \(\mathbf{G})/k\). Several corollaries are stated, and the proof of the theorem is given in the article.