Weak and classical solutions of the two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equations (Q1825094): Difference between revisions

Let \(\Omega\) be a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) with smooth boundary \(\partial\Omega\). In \(Q_ T:=\Omega \times (0,T)\), we consider the following magnetohydrodynamic equations for an ideal incompressible fluid coupled with magnetic field: \[ \begin{cases} \partial_ t u + (u,\nabla)u - (B,\nabla)B + \nabla ((1/2) | B|^2) + \nabla\pi = f \qquad&\text{in }Q_ T,\\ \partial_ t B - \Delta B + (u,\nabla)B - (B,\nabla)u =0 \qquad&\text{in }Q_ T,\\ \text{div}u = 0,\quad \text{div}B = 0 \qquad&\text{in }Q_ T,\\ u\cdot v = 0,\quad B\cdot v = 0,\quad \text{rot}B = 0 \qquad&\text{on } \partial\Omega \times (0,T),\\ u |_{t=0} = u_0,\quad B |_{t=0} = B_0. \end{cases} \tag{\(*\)} \] Here \(u = u(x,t) = (u^1(x,t),u^2(x,t))\), \(B = B(x,t) = (B^1(x,t),B^2(x,t ))\) and \(\pi = \pi(x,t)\) denote the unknown velocity field of the fluid, magnetic field and pressure of the fluid, respectively; \(f = f(x,t) = (f^1(x,t),f^2(x,t))\) denotes the given external force, \(u_0 = u_0(x) = (u^1_0(x),u^2_0(x))\) and \(B_0=B_0(x)=(B^1_0(x),B^2_ 0(x))\) denote the given initial data and \(\nu\) denotes the unit outward normal on \(\partial\Omega\). The first purpose of this paper is to show the existence and uniqueness of a global weak solution of (\(*\)) without restriction on the data. Our second purpos e is to show the existence and uniqueness of a local classical solution of (\(*\)). Although the method of characteristic curves for the vorticity equation plays an important role in a global classical solution of the two-dimensional Euler equations, such a method seems to give us only a local classical solution of (\(*\)) because of the additional terms \((B,\nabla)B\) and \((u,\nabla)B- (B,\nabla)u\). We devote Section 1 to preliminaries and definition of a weak solution of (\(*\)). Two main theorems will then be stated. Sections 2 and 3 are devoted to the proofs of the main theorems.