Simultaneous versal deformations of endomorphisms and invariant subspaces (Q819134): Difference between revisions

Given a Lie group action on a smooth manifold \(M\), versal and miniversal deformations with regard to this action were first introduced by \textit{V. I. Arnol'd} [Russ. Math. Surv. 26, No.~2, 29--43 (1971); translation from Usp. Mat. Nauk 26, No.~2(158), 101--114 (1971; Zbl 0259.15011)], and have been subsequently studied in several areas of linear algebra related to local perturbation analysis. In particular, Arnold's technique for studying the versal deformations of a square matrix with regard to the similarity group action, has been generalized to pairs \((A,B)\) with regard to feedback equivalence, and to square matrices having a fixed zero block structure, with regard to the restricted similarity equivalence. This last set of matrices corresponds with the set of endomorphisms that keep invariant a fixed subspace. This paper computes a miniversal deformation of endomorphism/invariant subspace pairs with regard to a natural equivalence relation defined on it. This allows the authors to construct in a rather straightforward way both versal deformations of square matrices with a fixed zero block structure as well as versal deformations of invariant subspaces for a fixed endomorphism. The authors study the set \({\mathcal M}\) of pairs \((f,V)\), defined by an endomorphism \(f\) of \(\mathbb{F}^n\) and a \(d\)-dimensional \(f\)-invariant subspace \(V\). It is shown that \({\mathcal M}\) is a smooth manifold that defines a vector bundle on the Grassmann manifold. This study is applied to derive conditions for the Lipschitz stability of invariant subspaces and determine versal deformations of the elements of \({\mathcal M}\) with respect to a natural equivalence relation introduced on it.