Hyperelliptic curves of genus three and the Kodaira-Spencer map (Q2465792): Difference between revisions

Let \(k_0\) be a field of characteristic zero and \(k=k_0(t)\). Let \(X/k\) be an irreducible projective smooth curve of genus \(g\geq 1\). Denote respectively by \(D_1(X/k)\subseteq D_2(X/k)\subseteq \Omega^1_{k(X)/k}\) the spaces of regular differentials, differentials of second kind and \(1\)-differentials of \(X/k\), and let \(d\colon k(X)\to \Omega^1_{k(X)/k}\) be the canonical \(k\)-derivation. The de Rham cohomology group \(H^1_{\text{DR}}(X/k)=D_2(X/k)/d(k(X))\) is a \(2g\)-dimensional \(k\)-vector space and there is a canonical immersion \(D_1(X/k)\hookrightarrow H^1_{\text{DR}}(X/k)\). If \(X\) is a hyperelliptic curve of genus \(3\) admitting a rational Weierstrass point, it admits an affine model \(y^2=P(x)=x^7+a_2x^5+a_3x^4+a_4x^3+a_5x^2+a_6x+a_7\), with \(\Delta=\text{discr}(P(x))\neq0\). In this paper the authors find an explicit description of the Kodaira-Spencer map \[ \rho_{X/k}: \text{Der}_{k_0}(k)\rightarrow \text{Hom}_k(D_1(X/k),H^1_{\text{DR}}(X/k)/D_1(X/k)) \] in terms of the coefficients \(a_2,\dots,a_7\). Consider the differential forms of the second kind \(\omega_i=x^{i-1}dx/y\), for \(i=1,\dots,6\), and their images \([\omega_i]\) in \(H^1_{\text{DR}}(X/k)\). It is well-known that \(\omega_1,\omega_2,\omega_3\) is a \(k\)-basis of \(D_1(X/k)\). The authors show that \([\omega_4],[\omega_5],[\omega_6]\) is a \(k\)-basis of \(H^1_{\text{DR}}(X/k)/D_1(X/k)\) and prove that for any given derivation \(\partial\in \text{Der}_{k_0}(k)\) the entries of the matrix of \(\rho_{X/k}(\partial)\) with respect to the above bases are an explicit linear combination of \(\partial a_i\), \(i=2,\dots,7\) with isobaric coefficients in the graduate ring \(\mathbb Z[a_2,\dots,a_7][\Delta^{-1},2^{-1}]\). The graduation of this ring is determined by assigning weight \(2i\) to each \(a_i\) and weight \(2,7,-5,2,2\) respectively to \(x,y,\omega_1,\partial,\partial_X\), where \(\partial_X\) is the Gauss-Manin connexion of \(H^1_{(X/k)}\) determined by \(\partial\).