Vive la différence. III (Q948874): Difference between revisions

[For the previous parts of this series of papers see Zbl 0789.03035 and Zbl 0812.03018.] It is well-known that CH implies the following isomorphism principle: If \(M\), \(N\) are countable elementary equivalent structures and \({\mathcal F}\) is a non-principal ultrafilter on \(\omega\), then the ultrapowers \(M^*\), \(N^*\) of \(M\), \(N\) with respect to \({\mathcal F}\) are isomorphic. It was shown by the author that, consistently, there are models of set theory where this principle fails. Here the author deals with models of the canonical theory \(t^{\text{ind}}\) of the strong independence property. The corresponding models have the form \((A,P,Q,R)\) where \(P\) and \(Q\) are unary predicates, \(P \cup Q = A\), \(R \subseteq P \times Q\) satisfying for any \(n\) and any pairwise distinct elements \(a_1,\dots,a_{2n} \in P\) there is a \(c \in Q\) with \((a_i,c) \in R\) iff \(i \leq n\) and any two elements \(b,c \in Q\) can be seperated by an element \(a \in P\), that means \((a,b) \in R\), \((a,c) \notin R\). He shows that, consistently, there is an ultrafilter \(\mathcal F\) on \(\omega\) such that if \(N^l_n\) (\(l =1,2, n<\omega\)) are models of \(t^{\text{ind}}\), then every isomorphism from \(\prod_{n<\omega} N^1_n/{\mathcal F}\) onto \(\prod_{n<\omega} N^2_n/{\mathcal F}\) is a product isomorphism. This is done in a two-step iteration.