More discrete copies of \(\mathbb Z\) in \(\beta \mathbb N\) (Q989097): Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 02:50, 3 July 2024

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More discrete copies of \(\mathbb Z\) in \(\beta \mathbb N\)
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    More discrete copies of \(\mathbb Z\) in \(\beta \mathbb N\) (English)
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    27 August 2010
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    In this paper the authors establish that if \(q\) is any minimal idempotent in \(\beta\mathbb N\), then for all exept possibly one \(p\in\text{cl}\{2^n:n\in\mathbb N\}\setminus\mathbb N\), \(q+p+q\) generates an infinite discrete group. Responding to a question of Wis Comfort, the authors extend this result in two directions. They show on the one hand that for a minimal idempotent \(q\), there is at most one prime \(r\) for which there exists \(p\in\text{cl}\{r^n:n\in\mathbb N\}\setminus\mathbb N\) such that the group generated by \(q + p + q\) is not both infinite and discrete. On the other hand, the authors show that for any \(p\in \beta\mathbb N\), if \(p\in \text{cl}(n\mathbb N)\) for infinitely many \(n\in\mathbb N\), then there is some minimal idempotent \(q\) such that the group generated by \(q + p + q\) is infinite and discrete. They also show that if \(G\) is a countable discrete group and if \(p\) is a right cancellable element of \(G^*\), then there is an idempotent \(q\in G^*\) such that \(q\cdot p\cdot q\) generates a discrete copy of \(\mathbb Z\) in \(G^*\). It is unknown whether there exists any minimal idempotent \(q\) and any \(p\) with \(p\in\text{cl}(n\mathbb N)\) for infinitely many \(n\in \mathbb N\) such that the group generated by \(q + p + q\) is not discrete. The authors finish the paper by showing that if such a ``bad'' \(q\) exists, then there are many of them.
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    Stone-Čech compactification
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    discrete group
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    topological semigroup
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    compact semigroup
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