Classification of dendrites with a countable set of end points (Q409658): Difference between revisions

A continuum \(X\) is called a dendrite if it is locally connected and contains no simple closed curve. The order of a point \(x\) in a space \(X\) is the least cardinal number \(\kappa\) such that \(x\) has an arbitrarily small neighborhood in \(X\) with boundary of cardinality \(\leq \kappa\). A point \(x\) of a dendrite \(X\) is called an end point of \(X\) if it has order 1. Points of order \(\geq 3\) are called ramification points of \(X\). A space \(Z\) is said to be universal in a class \(\mathcal F\) of spaces provided that \(Z\in\mathcal F\) and for each \(X\in\mathcal F\) there exists an embedding \(h:X\rightarrow Z\). In the paper under review it is shown that: (1)~For each countable ordinal \(\alpha\) in the family of dendrites \(X\) such that the \(\alpha\)-derivative of the set of end-points of \(X\) is empty there is no universal element. (2)~For each natural number \(n>0\) in the family of dendrites with ramification degree \(\leq n\) there exists a universal element. For similar results of the same author see [Topology Appl. 155, 17--18 (2008; Zbl 1165.54013)] and [ibid. 156, 142--149 (2008; Zbl 1157.54013)].