Convergence of non-periodic infinite products of orthogonal projections and nonexpansive operators in Hilbert space (Q420761): Difference between revisions

Consider closed linear subspaces \(S_1,S_2,\dots, S_m\) of a real Hilbert space \(H\) and let \(S\) denote their intersection. Let the infinite product \(\prod^\infty_{J=1} P_j:=\cdots P_3P_2P_1\) only consist of orthogonal projections \(P_{s_k}\), \(1\leq k\leq m\), onto these subspaces. The problem is to establish norm convergence, as \(n\to\infty\), of the sequence \(x_n= \prod^n_{J=1} P_j x_0= P_n P_{n-1}\cdots P_1x_0\), \(n= 1,2,\dots\), to some point \(x^*\in S\). The classical theorems of \textit{J. von Neumann} [Ann. Math. (2) 50, 401--485 (1949; Zbl 0034.06102)] and \textit{I. Halperin} [Acta Sci. Math. 23, 96--99 (1962; Zbl 0143.16102)] show that, for any \(x_0\in H\), \[ \lim_{n\to\infty} \|(P_{s_m} P_{s_{m-1}}\cdots P_{s_1})^n x_0- P_s x_0\|= 0.\tag{1.1} \] The convergence in (1.1) may not be uniform (on bounded subsets of initial points) and the theorems proved do not provide any rate of convergence. In this paper, the authors provide sufficient conditions for strong and uniform (on bounded subsets of initial points) convergence of infinite products of orthogonal projections and other (possibly nonlinear) nonexpansive operators in a Hilbert space. Their main tools are new estimates of the inclination of a finite tuple of closed linear subspaces.