Some fixed point results in ultrametric spaces (Q452102): Difference between revisions

Some similarities between ultrametric (see, e.g., \textit{A. J. Lemin}, [Proc.\ Am.\ Math.\ Soc.\ 131, No.\ 3, 979--989 (2003; Zbl 1011.54025)]) and hyperconvex (see, e.g., \textit{S. Bouamama} and \textit{D. Misane}, [N. Z. J. Math. 34, No. 1, 25--29 (2005; Zbl 1091.54017)]) metric spaces are discussed. Constructive proofs of the following fixed point results are given. Let \((M,d)\) be a spherically complete ultrametric space and \(T\:M\to M\). Then: (a)~if \(T\) is nonexpansive then every ball of the form \(B(x;d(x,T(x)))\) contains either a fixed point of \(T\) or a minimal \(T\)-invariant ball; (b)~if \(T\) is nonexpansive then the set \(F=\{x\in M:\exists r\geq0\) such that \(d(u,T(u))=r\;\forall u\in B(x;r)\}\) is spherically complete, and hence a nonexpansive retract of~\(M\); (c)~if (1)~\(z\neq T(z)\) and \(d(x,T(z))\leq d(T^2(z),T(z))\) implies \(d(x,T(x))\leq d(z,Tz)\) and (2)~\(T\) is strictly contracting on orbits, then \(T\) has a fixed point in every ball of the form \(B(x;d(x,T(x)))\). As consequences, among other results, a characterization of ultrametric spaces, as well as a sufficient condition for a subset of an ultrametric space to be proximinal, are obtained.